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Referencing: Chicago 18th

This Guide contains or links to guidance for the main referencing styles used at JCU (including MLA, Chicago and AGLC, which are not stand-alone Guides), and general information about referencing.

About the 18th Edition

The 18th Edition of the Chicago Manual of Style was released in September, 2024.

Your lecturer may still be using the 17th Edition of the CMoS, so check with them about which version of Chicago you should be using.

Want to know what has changed? Check out the "what's new" article below:

The full manual

Chicago vs Turabian

You may have heard of Turabian Style. This refers to A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, by Kate Turabian – a cut-down version of the Chicago Manual of Style produced specifically for high school and college students. The style guide gives advice specifically for producing assignments, as opposed to books, journal articles and other publications.

Aside from the fact that the guide is shorter and has a different audience, the advice is the same across both Turabian and CMoS.

The referencing styles are identical, so any advice for Turabian styles will also apply to Chicago, and any advice for Chicago styles will also apply to Turabian. However, watch the editions. The most recent version of Turabian is the 9th Edition, which corresponds to the 17th Edition of CMoS, but we can expect a new edition to come out shortly.

About Chicago Style

"Chicago Style" covers two different styles, a Notes and Bibliography style (sometimes called Chicago A) and an Author-Date style (sometimes called Chicago B) check with your lecturer to confirm which style you should be using.

The Notes and Bibliography style

For this style, you put a superscript number in text at the point where you insert the citation. This corresponds to a footnote on the same page, which contains the Footnote citation for the source (subsequent citations for the same source will use a shortened version of this citation.

There is also a Bibliography at the end of the paper which contains all of the sources in alphabetical order. You can access the full version of the Chicago Manual of Style from the Library using your JCU username and password

A full explanation of the Notes and Bibliography style can be found in Chapter 14 of the Chicago Manual of Style.

You can see a freely accessable "quick guide" to Chicago Notes here:

The Author-Date style

In the Author-Date version of Chicago, you put the authors' surnames and the year of publication in brackets at the point in your sentence where you need to cite your sources.

There is a Reference list which contains all of the works cited in alphabetical order.

A full explanation of the Author-Date version of Chicago can be found in Chapter 15 of the Chicago manual of Style.

You can see a freely accessible "quick guide" to the Chicago Author-Date style here:

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